Phase 4 of the EU Emissions Trading System (2021–2030) tightens the cap and broadens the scope of obligations.
A faster declining cap
Under Phase 4, the EU-wide emissions cap declines each year, with the linear reduction factor strengthened under the Fit for 55 package. In practice, this means fewer free and auctioned allowances over time and rising prices for participating installations.
Wider scope
Maritime transport has been brought into the EU ETS, and a separate emissions trading system (ETS2) covers fuels used in road transport and buildings. Many Greek operators that were not previously in scope now need to monitor, report and surrender allowances or fuel-equivalent units.
What this means in practice
- Verified reporting. Annual emissions reports must be verified by an accredited verifier before submission.
- Free allocation review. Free allowances are increasingly tied to benchmarks and conditional on energy efficiency measures.
- CBAM interaction. For sectors covered by the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, free allocation is phased out in parallel with CBAM phase-in.
Whether you are an existing operator or newly in scope, getting your monitoring plan, data collection and verification process right is the first step to managing exposure to ETS prices.
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Need support with EU ETS compliance?
From monitoring plans and annual emissions reports to verification readiness and allowance strategy, our team supports Greek operators across all ETS-covered sectors.
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